Military equipment: Nation capabilities and the ‘Expectations Gap’
Developing and sustaining defense equipment requires a strong industrial base, whether in the private or government sector. While private companies innovate under shareholder pressure and financial incentives, government-driven research relies on self-motivated scientists and long-term national security goals. Countries with large economies often favor private-sector competition, while smaller economies rely more on government initiatives. Sustainment of equipment is crucial, as defense assets often last decades. Bureaucratic complexities can slow government decision-making, creating an "expectation gap" between developers and users. Balancing innovation, funding, and sustainment is critical to maintaining national defense capability and ensuring long-term military readiness.